Concepts

Internet

It is necessary to clarify some basic concepts before you can understand how to publish a document on the Internet. The most basic is the concept of Internet:

In simple words, a network is katipos de Red group of computers that can exchange information using a specific language of that network. Internet is a network comprising several types of networks under a common language.

Internet is defined by a protocol or language File Transfer (TCP - Transfer Control Protocol) and a protocol or language of directions (IP - Internet Protocol.) Without going into too much detail, the protocol is relevant to address this issue. Each address is formed by 4 bytes (8-bit numbers, between 0 and 255) separated by a point. For example: 192.168.2.31 is an IP address. A same IP address can be occupied by one and only one computer at a time.

IP Addresses

IP addresses have a certain hierarchy within a network, for example, a company they may all IP addresses of each computer start with 192.168.2. And differ only in the last number, or start with 192.168. And differentiate in the last two numbers, etc.

IP addresses can be fixed or variable. A Computer is always connected to the internet you need to keep always the same IP, however if you connect intermittently can be allocated a random direction each time within the same network, that on a matter of economy of the directions: Internet connection provider (ISP - Internet Service Provider) May have a million users but only a fraction is connected at some point and it would be absurd to assign an address IP to each.

If you. Not familiar with the topology of a telephone connection (this is called switched connection) the following diagram may be helpful:

Connection ConmutadaEnd users have one padre that changes, while the gateway that is always online has a fixed IP.

To serve web pages is necessary to do so from a computer permanently connected Internet, usually; this also means having a fixed IP

Otherwise web site users could not to find the Internet site because the only way to access a computer is to know your IP address or symbolic name (Which is internally translated to an IP address). This restriction not run for the case where you. Install a web server on your own computer and you use it. Same, for testing, for example; other Internet users can not access it but since computer itself can be accessed.

DNS - Names Translation IP addresses

IP addresses are generally inconvenient for users and difficult to remember, which is why it provides the convenience of symbolic names associated with IP addresses.

These symbolic names correspond to sequences short of numbers, letters or dashes separated by periods. Some symbolic names are astalavista.box.sk, www.slashdot.org and cnn.com.

What appears to the right - ski, org and com in our example - is called TLD (TLD - Top Level Domain) and represents a geographical area or global area (in this case, Slovakia, nonprofit organization and business organization).

Tads

Then from right to left is the name domain - box, Slashdot and can in the example. Domain names are stored in a directory called global and distributed DNS (Domain Name Service) and are assigned by institutions accredited by the ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers Assigning).

Optionally you can use a computer name , or a sub domain - astalavista and www in example.

The DNS system consists of two parts: a single global directory associated with each top-level domain, which is maintained by ICANN and many local directories associated to each domain name.

For example, the name box and IP address of the local directory for that name is stored Global directory Top Level Domain ski. The name AltaVista and the final IP address astalavista.box.sk are stored in the simple domain local box. The diagram illustrates the mapping tables that translate IP addresses to names.

Dons this form to find the IP address associated with a symbolic name is an iterative process - this so that not a single computer which meets all inquiries, but try to distribute the load. All you need to say is that ICANN is the same as that maintains a more comprehensive table which indicates which the direction IP name server for each TLD is.

Free Sites Internet

It is possible to have a website or web page hiring without naming service, but in that case our site can only have a name like: www.nombre_del_proveedor.com / site name that you. Prude chooses the name of the site but always will have an address within the domain of space provider.

A company that provides your servers (Permanently connected to the Internet, and therefore with a name registered in DNS) to put pages there is called a supplier of hosting.

There are several free hosting providers. This is the simplest way to start publishing on the Internet without the need to pay anything. They fund the service in putting visage web pages that are installed on their servers.

When choosing a free hosting provider variables to consider are:

1. How much space available to put the pages? The more space the better.

2. How fast is the server? Must try to connect to sites that have free hosting with that provider and check if the server is too saturated (slow) and works well.

3. What visage so don? Some providers free hosting windows open auxiliary advertising many invasive put banners at the beginning and end of the page others are more discreet.

4. What are the restrictions on content? Most providers have an electronic contract available to those who register where reporting restrictions special (egg pornography, piracy, etc.) content that they accept. Additionally, some content is appropriated of your pages in terms of allocating licenses due pages. Creates. Review the contract carefully.

Using a hosting provider always involves send all site pages and images to them through some kind of software or website with forms to upload files. Normally this process is rather simple, but may require more effort in some places. Review documentation for assistance from the hosting provider is the rule as they are all different and also change over time.

Paid sites Internet

For a more professional service, it is necessary hire paid hosting, and registering the site registration Domain names first level where you want to have the site.

By hiring a paid site on the Internet, one must pay for two things:

• Registration and maintenance of the domain name. This is called "fee-for DNS."

• Rental of the time (processor usage) space (hard disk) and connection (bandwidth) from a computer that is permanently connected to the Internet. This is called Payments for Hosting ".

Payment DNS

Payment for DNS has two parts, the registration and maintenance of registration and payment for the service names. Both payments can be made independently.

Firstly you. Must pay a fee to register the domain name and possibly to maintain their registration force. Usually both the initial charge and the maintenance amounts are small and the latter is canceled every 1-2 years.

Secondly you. Must pay, usually a hosting provider, to keep the name translation table symbolic IP addresses on your domain. Typically the supplier keep hosting this table for a nominal value is included or within the cost of hosting.

Depending on the domain and the country one can even do a domain registration and remove him without a DNS server where to put the table address translation. In this case we speak of a domain "DNS pending” Usually is limited by the same institution in charge of distributing the names.

Each country has a domain responsible for administering the first level of that country (egg in Chile NIC-CHILE.) For the global Tads (. Com, Net, Org.) There is a list of accredited institutions ICANN. These institutions are called "registrars" and compete in additional services and price. There is a site dedicated to compare the registrars for domains called global http://www.domainnamebuyersguide.com/ which presents a fairly objective about it.

Some NIC (Network Information Center) Local is:

• Costa Rica NIC [Cr]

• NIC Argentina [Are]

• NIC Bolivia [Bo]

• NIC Chile [Cal]

• NIC Colombia [Co]

• Ecuador NIC [BD]

• NIC Spain [Es]

• Peru NIC [Egg]

• NIC Venezuela [Vet]

Hosting Payment

Payment for hosting included as a base amount hard disk space. Virtual Hosts

Usually the most important limits imposed by hosting provider is a transfer limit in bytes per month or the like, as a limit on number of users a month.

The business of virtual servers is as follows: They have some great servers with a dedicated line (Permanent connection). Each of its great servants serving multiple virtual servers

The variables to consider when purchasing hosting include:

1. What is the price and how much space available? There is an infinite variety of prices and it's worth taking time trading well, considering mainly the sources funding and expected profit with the site. A rule is to multiply the space you. Estimated by 2 to maintain some sort of online backup.

2. Where are the servers? If your customers Most belong to a single country in hosting contract that country and you will see response times were always better than borders, since the Internet topology while is global, often with large trunks grouped by geographic area. On the other hand, if your customers are global, hosting contract in the U.S., Europe or Japan.

3. What is the environment for applications that offer? If your design platform is Windows NT or (: bad choice :) hired on a machine hosting NT or Windows (unless it serves only static pages, in which case you will get more speed UNIX server). If your UNIX platform designs, hire UNIX hosting. In addition, several providers offer additional services database, shopping cart, etc.

4. How fast are the servers? The Most are very fast but it is always looking to verify sites that have a virtual server with that supplier and see how well they respond.